What was Operation Guardian of Prosperity that hit the Houthis?

Leading a coalition of about 20 nations, the United States defends trade ships navigating the Red Sea from Houthi insurgent incursions out of Yemen.

In the Red Sea, tensions are not decreasing. Following what the British Secretary of State for Defense described as “the largest attack carried out by the Houthis” on Wednesday, January 10, the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the American Navy jointly struck Iranian-backed rebel group installations in Yemen on the evening of January 11–12.

Operation “Prosperity Guardian,” which was initiated on December 18 and had the participation of France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Norway, Canada, Bahrain, and the Seychelles, was focused on eliminating drones and anti-ship missiles that were aimed at warships and civilian vessels. The goal is to protect ship safety and preserve freedom of movement for the 15% of global maritime traffic that passes via this route.

“Precision Strikes”

British Defense Secretary Grant Shapps stated on X (formerly Twitter) that “four Royal Air Force (RAF) Typhoons have carried out precision strikes on two Houthi military targets alongside US forces.” The Abbs airstrip, from which drones and cruise missiles were fired, as well as the city of Bani in northwest Yemen, which was “used to launch reconnaissance and attack drones,” were also targeted by the RAF.

The US Central Command (Centcom) stated that “radar systems, air defense systems, as well as storage and launch sites for unmanned aerial systems for one-way attack, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles” were the targets of the strikes, which were carried out “with the support of Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, and Bahrain.”

USCentcom Commander Gen. Michael Erik Kurilla stated, “We hold Houthi militants and their destabilizing Iranian sponsors accountable for the unlawful, indiscriminate, and reckless attacks on international shipping.”

“Irresponsible attacks”

The most active supporters of the Palestinian terrorist group Hamas have been the Houthi rebels since the group’s brutal attack on Israel on October 7. The Sunni group, which holds sway over a portion of Yemen, has been able to rely on Iranian assistance in launching drones and missiles at commerce ships traversing the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

Following their November ship hijacking, the Houthis have made cargo ships and oil tankers their primary targets. Between December 9 and December 11, at least three drones were shot down by France using its frigate Languedoc. Additionally, the United States and the United Kingdom have defended ships. Based on Centcom’s tally, there have been 27 ship targets or attempted targets by the Houthis since October 17.

U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd J. Austin stated on December 18 that “the recent escalation of reckless Houthi attacks from Yemen threatens the free flow of commerce, endangers innocent mariners, and violates international law.”

Task Force 153, Combined

In actuality, Combined Task Force (CTF) 153 is in charge of Operation Guardian of Prosperity. It was established in April 2022 and is headquartered in Manama, Bahrain. Its primary objective is to guarantee international maritime security in the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea, and the Bab el-Mandeb Strait. Over twenty countries have confirmed their participation in the operation, according to the Combined Maritime Force, which is led by the United States.

“Some nations come under American command when they join this CTF. X (ex-Twitter) Mathieu Droin, a guest researcher at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) and expert in security and defense matters, adds, “Others support the operation, without joining the CTF.”

Therefore, the Ministry of the Armed Forces of France explains in a news release that although it welcomes the initiative of the operation “Guardian of Prosperity,” it is “under national command” to ensure its “freedom of action.” Other measures are being taken in addition to CTF 153 to guarantee unrestricted marine travel in the region.

France has been a part of the European-led maritime awareness in the straight of Hormuz (EMASoH) mission since February 2020. With it, twelve maritime patrol aircraft detachments and fifteen frigates are being deployed by seven European nations. Following a few weeks of hiatus, the carriers Maersk and MSC have announced that they are once more using the Red Sea.

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